HUMIDITY TESTER

1. A variety of humidity tester circuits are available, but this  is a circuit which is as simple as possible.Using only a transistor ,LED and few resistors ,this circuit can be used to check the humidity level of materials like soil , paper etc. 
   
2. When the humidity in a substance increases the current conducted through  it also increases .
3.  This is the working principle.If there is required humidity, the current through R3 will be sufficient to produce a voltage drop across R3 which is sufficient enough(0.7V)  to switch on the transistor and LED glows.R1 is the current limiting resistor for LED.R1 protects the transistor from accidental shorting of the probes.

   
   

   
   

   
   

   NOTES:-
   

   • The probes can be anything like iron nail.pin paper clip etc.
   • To calibrate the circuit for particular density,insert the two probes to the required material and adjust R3 so that the LED glows.The LED will glow whenever the humidity of the testing sample becomes equal to this humidity level.
   • A 3V battery can be used to power the circuit.
   • Another general purpose NPN transistors like BC107,BC148,2N2222 etc can be also used for Q1.